Market Outlook for Nanomaterials for Electronics Applications: Semiconductors, Solar, Displays, Sensors, RFID, Lighting

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1

Introduction

1-1

Chapter 2

Nanomaterial Properties and Fabrication

2-1

2.1

Introduction

2-1

2.2

Materials Used In Nanotechnology

2-4

2.2.1

Fullerenes

2-4

2.2.1.1

Buckyballs – Buckminsterfullerene

2-7

2.2.1.2

Buckytubes – Nanotubes

2-8

2.2.1.3

Fabrication Of Nanotubes

2-10

2.2.2

Nanoparticles

2-15

2.2.2.1

Introduction

2-15

2.2.2.2

Fabrication Of Nanoparticles

2-20

Chapter 3

Developments In Nanomaterial-Based Solar Cells

3-1

3.1

Introduction

3-1

3.2

Nanomaterials As Solar Conversion

3-3

3.2.1

Inorganic Nanocrystals

3-11

3.2.1.1

Silicon Nanoparticles

3-11

3.2.1.2

Nobel Metals

3-12

3.2.1.3

Multimetal-Dielectric Nanocomposites

3-14

3.2.2

CdSe And CdTe Nanorods

3-17

3.2.3

Quantum Dots

3-19

3.2.4

Nanocomposite – Quantum Dot Combination

3-22

3.2.5

Quantum Wells

3-23

3.2.6

Organic Polymers – Fullerenes

3-25

3.2.7

Ionic Organic Polymers

3-27

3.2.8

CIGS

3-27

3.2.9

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

3-33

3.3

Nanomaterials As Modified Electrodes

3-39

3.3.1

Nanowires

3-39

3.3.1.1

ZnO Nanowires

3-39

3.3.1.2

InP Nanowires

3-39

3.3.2

Carbon Nanotubes

3-40

3.3.2.1

Defected Carbon Nanotubes

3-46

3.3.2.2

Silicon Nanotubes

3-49

3.3.2.3

Titania Nanotubes

3-50

3.4 T

heoretical Work

3-51

Chapter 4

Nanomaterials for Displays

4-1

4.1

Introduction

4-1

4.2

LCDs

4-1

4.3

Electrophoretic/Electrochromic Displays

4-8

4.3.1

Electrophoretic Displays

4-8

4.3.2

Electrochromic Displays

4-10

4.4

OLEDs

4-17

4.5

Backplanes

4-23

Chapter 5

Nanomaterials for Sensors

5-1

5.1

Introduction

5-1

5.2

NanoChemical Sensors

5-3

5.3

NanoBio/NanoMed Sensors

5-5

5.5

Military and Homeland Defense Applications

5-10

5.6

Others

5-13

Chapter 6

Nanomaterials for Lighting

6-1

6.1

Introduction

6-1

6.2

High-efficiency Organic LEDs (OLEDs)

6-2

6.3

Electroluminescent Devices

6-6

Chapter 7

Nanomaterials for RFIDs

7-1

7.1

Introduction

7-1

7.2

RFID Devices

7-1

7.3

Current Uses

7-3

7.4

Uses For Potential Strong Growth

7-4

Chapter 8

 Nanomaterials for Semiconductors

8-1

8.1

Nanotubes For Integrated Circuits

8-1

8.2

Slurries

8-4

8.3

Lithography

8-6

8.3.1

Photoresist

8-6

8.3.2 

DUV Immersion Liquid

8-9

Chapter 9

Nanomaterial Deposition Trends

9-1

9.1

Vapor Phase

9-1

9.2

Electrodeposition

9-3

9.3

Spray Pyrolysis

9-5

9.4

Laser Pyrolysis

9-5

9.5

Screen Printing

9-6

9.6

Small Nanoparticle Deposition

9-9

9.7

Slurry Spraying And Meniscus Coating Of Precursors

9-10

9.8

Ink-Jet

9-14

9.9

Dip Pen Nanolithography

9-15

Chapter 10

Analysis and Forecast of Nanomaterials for Electronics

10-1

10.1

Driving Forces

10-1

10.2

Analysis of Nanomaterial Markets for All Applications – 2008-2015

10-14

10.3

Analysis of Nanomaterial Markets for Electronics by Material

10-19

10.3.1

Analysis of Nanomaterial Markets for Nanocomposites

10-22

10.3.2

Analysis of Nanomaterial Markets for Nanoparticles

10-24

10.3.3

Analysis of Nanomaterial Markets for Nanowires

10-26

10.3.4

Analysis of Nanomaterial Markets for Fullerenes

10-28

10.3.5

Analysis of Nanomaterial Markets for Slurries

10-29

10.3.6

Analysis of Nanomaterial Markets for Precursors

10-30

10.3.7

Analysis of Nanomaterial Markets for Catalysts

10-31

10.3.8

Analysis of Nanomaterial Markets for Coatings

10-33

10.3.9

Analysis of Nanomaterial Markets for Designer Materials

10-34

10.3.10

Analysis of Nanomaterial Markets for Engineered Substrates

10-35

10.4

Analysis of Nanomaterial Markets for Electronics by Application

10-37

10.4.1

Analysis of Nanomaterial Markets for Lighting

10-39

10.4.2

Analysis of Nanomaterial Markets for Displays

10-40

10.4.3

Analysis of Nanomaterial Markets for RFID

10-41

10.4.4

Analysis of Nanomaterial Markets for Sensors

10-43

10.4 5

Analysis of Nanomaterial Markets for Solar Cells

10-46

10.4.6

Analysis of Nanomaterial Markets for Semiconductors

10-53

LIST OF FIGURES

2.1

Surface Area Comparison Of Nanomaterials

2-3

2.2

Typical Structures Of Fullerene

2-5

2.3

Arc-Electric Discharge Fabrication Method

2-12

2.4

CVD Fabrication Method

2-14

2.5

Solutions Of Monodisperse CCSE Nanocrystals

2-19

2.6

Nanoparticles By Sol Gel Technique

2-24

2.7

Nanoparticles By Physical Vapor Synthesis

2-25

3.1

Amorphous Silicon Solar Film Diagram

3-5

3.2

CIGS Solar Film Roll-To-Roll Diagram

3-6

3.3

CdTe Solar Film Diagram

3-8

3.4

Conversion Of Light Via Plasmons

3-13

3.5

Solar Emission From Nanoparticles

3-16

3.6

Energy Levels Of CdSe Quantum Dots

3-21

3.7

Schematic Diagram Of Quantum Well Solar Cell

3-24

3.8

CIGS Module Cross Section

3-29

3.9

How Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Work

3-34

3.10

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Components

3-38

3.11

Electron Transport Across Nanostructured Semiconductor Films

3-42

3.12

Electron Transport In Nanoparticle Solar Cell

3-44

3.13

Carbon Nanotubes In Organic Solar Cells

3-47

4.1

Nanoink's Dip Pen Nanolithography Technology

4-5

4.2

Inkjet Printing Of A Plastic Transistor

4-14

4.3

Vials Of Fluorescent CdSe QDS Dispersed In Hexane

4-18

4.4

A QD-LED Device

4-20

5.1

Carbon Nanotube Biosensor

5-8

5.2

Sensors In Defense Applications

5-12

7.1

EPC RFID Tag

7-5

9.1

Vapor Phase Deposition Of Nanomaterials

9-2

9.2

Electrodeposition Of Nanomaterials

9-4

9.3

Spray Pyrolysis Deposition Of Nanomaterials

9-7

9.4

Screen Printing Of Nanomaterials

9-8

10.1

Worldwide Solar Cell Production

10-51

10.2

Nanomaterial Share By Technology – 2008 And 2015

10-54

LIST OF TABLES

4.1

Proven Inks/Substrates

4-6

10.1

A Selection Of Current And Future Applications Using Nanoparticles

10-11

10.2

NNI Budget (2007 – 2009)

10-17

10.3

NNI Budget History (2001 – 2006)

10-18

10.4

Nanoelectronic Applications By Industry

10-20

10.5-

Worldwide Nanomaterial Markets For Electronics By Material.

10-21

10.6

Worldwide Nanomaterial Markets For Electronics By Application

10-38

10.7

Worldwide Thin Film Solar Cell Forecast

10-50